Latvia, a Baltic nation steeped in history and vibrant culture, boasts a unique calendar filled with significant events, holidays, and observances. Understanding the Latvian calendar, or *LV Kalender*, is crucial for anyone wishing to appreciate the country's rich tapestry of traditions and national identity. This comprehensive guide explores the Latvian calendar, focusing on the year 2022 as a case study, but also offering broader context by referencing previous years and looking ahead. We will examine public holidays, international days celebrated in Latvia, and other notable events, providing a detailed overview of the *Latvijas laika kalendārs* (Latvian time calendar) and the broader *Latvijas kalendārs* (Latvian calendar).
2022: A Year in the LV Kalender
The year 2022 in Latvia, as reflected in the *LV Kalender*, was a blend of established national holidays, internationally recognized days, and unique events specific to Latvian culture and history. Let's delve into the key aspects:
National Holidays: Latvia's national holidays are deeply ingrained in its national identity, commemorating significant historical events and cultural milestones. These holidays are usually marked by public celebrations, parades, and family gatherings. In 2022, these included:
* New Year's Day (Jaunais gads): January 1st - A universal celebration marking the beginning of a new year. In Latvia, like many other countries, this is a time for family gatherings, festive meals, and the exchanging of gifts.
* Epiphany (Zvaigžņu diena): January 6th - Celebrated as the day the Three Wise Men visited the infant Jesus. While not a public holiday in the same way as others, it holds religious significance for many Latvians.
* Restoration of Independence Day (Neatkarības atjaunošanas diena): May 4th - A pivotal date in Latvian history, commemorating the restoration of Latvia's independence from the Soviet Union in 1990. This is a significant national holiday marked by official ceremonies, parades, and commemorative events.
* Ligo (Jāņi): June 23rd/24th - This Midsummer celebration is arguably the most important Latvian holiday. It's a pagan festival celebrating the summer solstice, featuring bonfires, traditional songs (dainas), dancing, and feasting. The festivities often extend into the night, creating a magical atmosphere.
* Victory Day (Uzvaras diena): May 9th - While officially commemorated as a day of victory over Nazism, the significance of this day remains complex in Latvia, given its history under Soviet rule. It is observed differently than other national holidays.
* National Day of Latvia (Latvijas Republikas proklamēšanas diena): November 18th - This day celebrates the proclamation of the Republic of Latvia in 1918, marking the establishment of the independent Latvian state. This is another major national holiday, characterized by official ceremonies and commemorative events.
* Christmas (Ziemassvētki): December 24th-26th - Christmas in Latvia is a deeply cherished religious and cultural holiday. It's a time for family gatherings, traditional meals, and the exchanging of gifts. The celebrations often extend over several days.
International Days Observed in Latvia:
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